Night Rating Requirements in Canada

The night rating is the most commonly added rating to a Private Pilot License in Canada, and for good reason. During night operations, pilots will not generally encounter rising air currents due to convection heating, making flying at night slightly smoother than daytime flying. Combine this with city lights on a clear night with the moon shining brightly, and you can get some stunning flight time in. Let's look into what it takes to get a night rating in Canada.

Night Rating Hour Requirements

This rating can be obtained once you have a private pilot license in Canada. The Canadian Aviation Regulations clearly outline the requirements as follows:

• 10 hours of night flight time which includes:
  • 5 hours dual which includes 2 hours of cross country flight time
  • 5 hours solo flight time which includes 10 takeoffs, circuits and landings, and
• 10 hours dual instrument time (total), 5 hours of which can be in a simulator

There is an interesting provision in the standards which states that you can't count any instrument time done at night towards your night rating. If you go flying dual with an instructor at night for 1.5 hours total time and you were under the hood for 1 hour of that time, 1 hour would count towards the 10 hour instrument requirement and 0.5 hours would count towards the 5 hours dual night time.

What to Anticipate Out of Night Rating Training

Training to fly at night is pretty cool and things can get interesting. Your instructor will provide you with a preparatory ground instruction briefing on night operations and human factors. After this, your instructor will generally do one of two things: teach instrument flying at night or take you up to do some circuits so you can get used to the airplane. Before you go solo, your instructor will have wanted to cover some emergencies and abnormalities with you. These abnormal situations might include landing without a landing light working, electrical failures, or engine failures in the circuit.

As stated, your flight instructor may also begin to introduce you to night flying with some instrument training at dusk or during absolute darkness, both of which are amazing!

Once you've shown your proficiency in the circuit and with the emergencies, you will generally go solo to complete your 5 hours. Note that there is no solo cross country requirement for the night rating, but I highly recommend it if you can.

At some point, it'll be time for your dual cross country. As a part of this process, I highly encourage you to go somewhere that would expose you to such illusions like black holes. Being exposed to this in a controlled environment with your flight instructor will make your pilot training more fun, humble you a bit, and teach you an appreciation for human factors. Those pilots who are training towards a Commercial Pilot License should take this as an opportunity to push their own limits in a safe manner with their instructors.

After this, you may choose to complete a solo cross country or continue the remainder of your solo hours in the circuit. Combine this with instrument training and soon enough you have a night rating.

Night Rating Sign Off

The rating is given to you by an authorized person at your flight school or by Transport Canada directly. Once your training is complete and your instructor feels you have met the standards for the rating, they will sign your appropriate paperwork recommending you for the rating. An Authorized Person may be available at your flight school to issue you the rating, sign your license, and offer you temporary privileges until your new sticker comes in the mail.

You can also pay the fee online and mail in your application to a Transport Canada office. In this scenario, you do not get any temporary privileges and must wait until the sticker comes in the mail to fly solo or with passengers at night.

Lastly, you can choose not to get it signed off and just wait until you apply for and earn a Commercial Pilot License to get your flying privileges. This is not normally done by students but is occasionally completed in college programs.

Night Rating Currency

CAR 401.05 outlines the standards that need to be met to remain current for night flying.

To carry passengers and remain current at night, pilots must have completed a minimum of 5 take-offs and landings at night within the past 6 months.

Night Flying for Commercial Pilot and ATPL Training

We always recommend that pilots who are pursuing careers in aviation complete as much cross country time at night as possible. This is due to a legal requirement which states that pilots must have a minimum of 25 hours of night PIC cross country to hold an ATPL in Canada.

If you are doing CPL training, do your night rating right after your PPL and build those night PIC cross country hours as much as you can. Our Commercial Pilot Ground School includes the Night Rating course at no extra cost, so you can knock out both at once.

Pilots who have not done this are often forced to rent an aircraft to build their night PIC cross country time even though they may meet all of the other requirements and have, oh, let's say, 3,000 hours in Boeing 737s. Yes, true story.

Sharpe Aero Night Rating Book

SharpeAero has done it again, coming through with a highly-valuable flight training resource that plugs yet another hole in the Canadian flight training market: learning to fly at night.

It's hard to believe that before SharpeAero's handbook, there was really no all-in-one guide for learning to fly at night in Canada. Sure, you could make piecework of the odd powerpoint deck here, or an old and outdated PDF word document there, but it never really covered all the bases, it wasn't a well-organized and cohesive document. And it sure didn't have great diagrams and visual aids.

This is where SharpeAero comes in. They've earned a reputation for creating simple, focused and concise content, and this time around is no different. Their Night Rating handbook offers up all you need to know in order to prepare for learning to fly at night. The book covers the following topics: night rating overview, human factors, aerodrome lighting, preparation for flight, ground operations, flight operations, instrument flying, and NAVAIDs. We particularly like how SharpeAero uses bullet points throughout all of their books. It really helps make the content quick and easy to digest, and easy to sift through to find what you need.

This is definitely something every instructor should use as a teaching reference, and especially something every student should be using to prepare for their night rating training. Heck, if it saves you one hour on the ground with your flight instructor (and we think it will), it more than pays for itself. We will definitely be recommending this to all of our students. Go check it out.

Get the Night Rating Book

Night Rating FAQ

How many hours do I need for a night rating in Canada?

10 hours of night flight time (5 dual, including 2 hours of cross country, and 5 solo, including 10 takeoffs, circuits and landings) plus 10 hours of dual instrument time, 5 of which can be in a simulator.

Is there a written exam or flight test for the night rating?

No. Once your training is complete and your instructor feels you have met the standard, they sign your paperwork recommending you for the rating. An authorized person at your flight school or Transport Canada then issues it.

Can instrument time flown at night count twice?

No. Instrument time done at night counts towards your 10 hours of instrument time, not towards your night flight time. If you fly 1.5 hours dual at night with 1 hour under the hood, you log 1 hour of instrument and 0.5 hours of dual night.

How do I stay current to carry passengers at night?

Under CAR 401.05, you need a minimum of 5 takeoffs and landings at night within the past 6 months.

When should I do my night rating if I want to fly for a living?

Right after your PPL. You need 25 hours of night PIC cross country to hold an ATPL in Canada, and it is far cheaper to build that during your CPL training than to rent an airplane for it later.