Controlled Airspace

Controlled airspace is airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic control service is provided. Within controlled airspace, IFR operations require ATC clearance, and VFR operations may require ATC clearance, two-way radio communication, or both, depending on the airspace class.

Canadian Controlled Airspace Classes

  • Class A: FL180 and above — IFR only, all aircraft under positive control
  • Class B: 12,500 ft to FL180 — IFR and VFR, ATC clearance required for all
  • Class C: Terminal areas — IFR and VFR, clearance required, traffic info provided
  • Class D: Control zones — IFR and VFR, two-way radio required, no clearance for VFR
  • Class E: Other designated controlled airspace — IFR clearance required, VFR no clearance

Why It Matters

Entering controlled airspace without the required communication or clearance is a violation of CARs and can result in certificate suspension. Always check your VFR chart for airspace boundaries and review the applicable requirements before flight in busy terminal areas.

Related Terms

See also: Classification of Airspace, Uncontrolled Airspace, Control Zone.